WHAT IS HIV INFECTION?
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects the cells of the immune system and destroys or disrupts their functioning, which leads to the progressive deterioration of the immune system and ends up producing an immune deficiency. We speak of immunodeficiency when the immune system can no longer fulfill its function of fighting infections and other diseases. The infections that accompany severe immunodeficiency are called "opportunistic" because the causative pathogens take advantage of the weak immune system.
WHAT IS AIDS?
AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) represents the most advanced stages of HIV infection. It is defined by the occurrence of one of more than twenty opportunistic infections or cancers linked to HIV.
HOW IS HIV INFECTION TRANSMITTED?
- Unprotected sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal, or oral) with an infected person.
- Contaminated blood transfusion.
- For sharing needles, syringes, surgical supplies, or other sharp objects.
- The mother can pass the infection to her child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
HOW MANY PEOPLE ARE INFECTED BY HIV?
According to estimates by the WHO and UNAIDS, at the end of 2016 there were some 36,7 million people infected with HIV in the world. That same year, some 1,8 million people became infected, and 1 million died of HIV-related causes.
HOW CAN I LIMIT MY RISK OF BEING INFECTED WITH HIV THROUGH SEX?
Every time you have sex, use the male or female condom correctly.
Avoid risky behaviors.
WHAT BENEFITS DOES THE HIV TEST REPORT?
Knowing your HIV status can have two important effects:
If you learn that you are infected with the virus, you can take steps before symptoms appear to receive treatment, care, and support, which can prolong life and prevent medical complications for many years.
If you turn out to be infected, you can take precautions to avoid passing HIV to others.
WHEN TO CARRY OUT AN STD HIV NETWORK STUDY?
Anyone who suspects a risk exposure should conduct this study.